'Radio Location' skill vs. white 'Located' arrow
The white arrow does not indicate that you are using the radio location skill. It indicates that there is a player on the enemy team using the skill, and they have located you. The icon is always in the exact same location on your screen so it won't indicate where the enemy is.
This can indicate that you are in trouble, if you're trying to sneak around the flanks of the enemy they now know where you are.
When your captain has the radio location skill you will see a white arch on screen indicating where the closest enemy ship is.