Need a comma before an adverb as last word in sentence?

If the adverb applies to the verb specifically, as in

I loved her passionately

then no comma is required. If the adverb applies to the adjective from which it is separated (in your examples, many and long), a comma would be preferable. Your first example means

How many employees work here, roughly?

and without the comma, the sense is that the employees work in a rough manner.