How to route network traffic of a host via another host?

I'm not the System Administrator of our corporate network, but I've got two Linux workstations (hosts A and B) with root access to both.

Both hosts can see each other fine (ssh, ping, etc works from one to the other). However, only host A can reach out of our corporate firewall and access the Internet etc; host B cannot.

Question: How could I have all (and not just HTTP) outgoing and incoming network traffic at host B routed via host A, without involving my System Administrator? Right now, I don't know if I would need to use NAT for host B, and/or make host A a proxy server, and/or make host A a router.

On Host B, I tried issuing a route add -host <HostA> gw <HostA's Gateway> command, but it didn't work: I was unable to ping www.google.com from Host B. Please pardon my ignorance on this subject of routing/networking.

You have multiple solutions to do this :

Easier way : NAT

Make A a router by allowing forwarding : sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 Put net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf to make it permanent.

Then on A, nat trafic by typing : iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ethx -j MASQUERADE

Finally on B : Route all traffic via A :

ip route del default  
ip route add default via IP_of_A

Other solution : Proxify,

but you need to setup all the components to use the proxy:

On B, open an SSH connection to A with this command :

ssh -D8000 -N -f user@IP_of_A 

This will open a proxy sock on B and relay all traffic via A. If you use a web browser for example, you'll need to setup a proxy sock v5 on 127.0.0.1 listening on port 8000. You will not need to setup ip forwarding or touching to routes.

I believe you will need to disable your firewall.

service iptables stop

Not sure if that is necessary on both Host A & Host B, but it did get me passed the "Destination Host Prohibited" message