Is there any curse/ swear equivalent for this Persian curse? " May your head be covered by soil!"
The simple, all-purpose imprecation in U.S. English is "Drop dead!"—which is, of course, the usual stage before the soil-on-head stage. Christine Ammer, The American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms (1997) has this entry for the phrase:
drop dead An expression of anger, rejection, or indignation toward someone. For example, I should do all that work for you? Drop dead! This rude imperative is usually hyperbolic, that is, the speaker is not literally asking someone to die on the spot. {c. 1930}
Ammer then goes on to observe that drop-dead as an adjective, as in "drop-dead gorgeous," doesn't mean anything insulting: "Rather it means 'dazzling' or 'awe-inspiring'..."
Although I am not aware of an exact English equivalent of the Persian curse, "To rot in hell" is a pejorative and used to aggressively retort to infuriating situations.
Usage:
What? You forgot to get my anti-hypertension medicine? And you ratted me out to Mom?!?
You know what? You and ISIS should just burn and rot in hell!!
Update:
As some users have pointed out in comments, this is too harsh for OP's first two examples. I suggested this response for all the combined scenarios mentioned by OP. I would recommend that readers use their own discretion before using this phrase for relatively minor inducements.
One of the simple, all-purpose imprecations is go to hell:
Inf. to go to hell and suffer the agonies therein. (Often a command. Caution with hell.) 'Oh, go to hell! Go to hell, you creep!'
You can replace hell with the devil or the dickens.
Very similar to what Biscuitboy suggested, but you could consider using burn in hell:
Statement of anger directed at someone in contempt, especially after that individual had done something very wrong.
Example usage:
ISIS has killed many innocent people in Iraq. They should go to hell and burn in hell!
[Wikipedia, McGraw-Hill Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal Verbs]
In Britain, if you're very angry with someone, you might tell them to fuck off and die.
That phrase doesn't appear in any reputable idiom references (only urban dictionary).
However, it is certainly in use, as demonstrated by the esteemed mayor of our beloved capital:
Mayor of London whilst out riding his bike tells black-cab driver to 'fuck off and die - and not in that order!'
Boris Johnson filmed swearing at taxi driver in London, The Guardian, 18th June 2015