Synonym for "daily" of Latin origin?

Solution 1:

"Quotidian" (if it really has to be a Latin-based word).

Solution 2:

Per-diem is a Latin expression still used in the English language:

• by the day; for each day.

(dictionary.reference.com)

Example sentences:

• The popular governor collected the per diem allowance from April 22

• A spokeswoman said that a separate state board sets per diem payments.

• The six-member commission angered many lawmakers when it voted last year to cut pay and per diem by 18%.

• Tax-free per diem allowance to defray living expenses away from home.

• A budget that puts two players per hotel room, and offers a $30 per diem and salaries that top out at $26000.

(wordhippo.com)

Solution 3:

The problem with @fbd's quotidian is it's often used to mean usual or customary; everyday.

Alternatively, also from Latin (but actually only coined in 1959) there's...

circadian - noting or pertaining to rhythmic biological cycles recurring at approximately 24-hour intervals.

Which adjective to use would depend significantly on the exact context. Quotidian would probably suit your daily office report, but your daily bowel movement fits better with circadian.