Etymology, ubiquity and synonyms of the phrase "Tribal Knowledge"

Solution 1:

Tribal Knowledge is a term that can be used everywhere, because a tribe is basically a group or subgroup of people, not necessarily a division of an race. This word can be used like in this situation.

It is only generally used around corporations, businesses, offices, etc.

Synonyms include:"institutional memory," or as Martin suggested in a comment above,"institutional knowledge"

But neither of them are as well-known as tribal knowledge.

Solution 2:

As I was reading your question a great near-synonym jumped into my mind that I first encountered in A Confederacy of Dunces: “folkways”.

If that provides a different colour to what you're looking for, I would also suggest “lore” as having different overtones to the “folklore” that another contributor already provided.