Word or phrase for someone who does not think far into the future
A short-sighted person would be a person who does not see far into the future.
I think parochial is a possible word substitute.
parochial pəˈrəʊkɪəl/ adjective
Having a limited or narrow outlook or scope. "parochial attitudes" (Ref)
Short-sighted is probably the best answer, but if you want something more formal, perhaps "improvident": not having or showing foresight; spendthrift or thoughtless.