Is there a name for this type of sentence: "The higher the temperature, the higher the pressure"? [duplicate]

There are several names for it listed in a page on the subject here, which favors the term comparative correlative, since it asserts correlation by using comparative forms of two adjectives:

The comparative correlative is also known as the correlative construction, the conditional comparative, or the “the . . . the” construction.

For a a contribution to and brief bibliography of linguistic scholarship on this construction (as of 2004), see Robert D. Borsley, “An Approach to English Comparative Correlatives.”

This grammatical structure should have a name, but of course, in grammars it often goes without any name. You can't even be sure where in a grammar you will find it. I just had a look at Longman English Grammar and looked through the chapter Adjectives, comparisons, but found nothing. In the register I found it under the: the ... the (clauses of comparison).

If you search this structure on the Internet you can google for something like "the sooner the better" and you will find some web sides.

As to a name, there seems to be no standard name and you can find various labels. A mathematician woud say it describes a proportional relation , so one might say comparisons containing a proportional relation. But of course, that is no name. "The-the construction" would do the job, I think, as you find something in registers of grammars under "the ...the".

The particles the + comparative are a kind of correlatives. But you find such a chapter only in Latin Grammars. In most English grammars this term is not even in the register. "The" in this comparative structure is not identical to the normal definite article. Historically this the is from a vanished fifth case of the definite article.

It should be known how Latin expressed the idea of proportionality. They had no ready-made function words and had to explain it in common words. They said: Something is in that measure more expensive in which measure it is better. And soon the could say it a bit shorter eo modo ... quo modo or eo ... quo. English expressed it with "in that measure ... in that measure and reduced it to "thè ...thè" (thè marks the different origin from an old fifth case form).