Is there an equivalent to the "for ... else" Python loop in C++?

If doesn't mind using goto also can be done in following way. This one saves from extra if check and higher scope variable declaration.

for(int i = 0; i < foo; i++)
     if(bar(i))
         goto m_label;
baz();

m_label:
...

A simpler way to express your actual logic is with std::none_of:

if (std::none_of(std::begin(foo), std::end(foo), bar))
    baz();

If the range proposal for C++17 gets accepted, hopefully this will simplify to:

if (std::none_of(foo, bar)) baz();

Yes you can achieve the same effect by:

auto it = std::begin(foo);
for (; it != std::end(foo); ++it)
     if(bar(*it))
         break;
if(it == std::end(foo))
    baz();

This is my rough implementation in C++:

bool other = true;
for (int i = 0; i > foo; i++) {
     if (bar[i] == 7) {
          other = false;
          break;
     }
} if(other)
     baz();