Restore Podcast Layout in iTunes 12.4
Solution 1:
In the sidebar at the top you have the Podcasts option (just above the Stations one you have just selected) which seems to do what you want - you will see a list of all of your podcasts in the middle column. Then you can switch between unplayed/feed tabs in the right column to see all episodes or just the unplayed ones.
Depending on the defaults the view might be reduced to a text-only list.
Edit including comment from @JosephLeedy:
In order to obtain the three column view similar to the old look, after clicking on "Podcasts," you have to go to View
> View Options
in the menu (or press ⌘J) and change View As
from Classic List
to List
.