What default promotions of types are there in the variadic arguments list?

For example, I use printf function in C++ for 8-bit CPU (AVR). Is the following code safe:

uint8_t a = 5;
printf("%d", a);

Here %d expects int (16-bit in my case, and at least 16-bit in any case), but I pass 8-bit integer.

Does C/C++ standards guarantee that any type with rank lesser than int promoted to int?

The same question for float a and %f that expects double, and other analogous types.

Solution 1:

Look in the draft n1256 (C99 with Technical corrigenda TC1, TC2, and TC3 included) for 6.5.2.2 Function calls:

For functions without prototype, or parameters corresponding to the ellipsis ..., the default argument promotions are performed.

Those are: Default integer promotions and promotion of float to double.

Default integer promotions: Every integer type of rank less than int is promoted to int or unsigned int.