Adjoints to the Evaluation functors

Let $C$ be a category. Consider $Psh(C)$ the category of presheaves on $C$. It is a well known fact that the evaluation functor at $c$ an object of $C$ of presheaves preserves both limits and colimits yet I can't find in the littérature nor compute right and left adjoints. If someone knows a formula for both adjoints it would be very helpful.

The left adjoint $L_c$ to evaluation-at-$c$ is very simple; left adjoints preserve colimits and every set is a coproduct of $1$ with itself. Consequently,

$$ L_c(X) = X \cdot L_c(1)$$

where $\cdot$ means to take the $X$-fold coproduct of $L_c(1)$ with itself. Finally,

$$ \mathbf{PSh}(\mathcal{C})(L_c(1), F) \cong \mathbf{Set}(1, F(c)) \cong F(c) $$

therefore, $L_c(1)$ is the functor $\mathcal{C}(-, c)$ represented by $c$. That is,

$$ L_c(X) = X \cdot \mathcal{C}(-, c) $$

The right adjoint $R_c$ is even simpler:

$$ R_c(X)(d) \cong \mathbf{PSh}(\mathcal{C})(\mathcal{C}(-, d), R_c(X)) \cong \mathbf{Set}(\mathcal{C}(c, d), X) \cong X^{\mathcal{C}(c,d)}$$

That is,

$$ R_c(X) \cong X^{\mathcal{C}(c, -)}$$

(thanks to Andreas Blass for reminding me of the argument)

The evaluation-at-c functor $F \to F(c)$ is, incidentally, given by the functor

$$ \mathbf{Set}^{\mathcal{C}^\circ} \to \mathbf{Set}^1 $$

induced by the inclusion $1 \to \mathcal{C}^{\circ}$ that identifies $c$, so both adjoints are special cases of the fact this functor has adjoints. I don't remember how this works out off the top of my head, but it should probably be easier to find a reference for.

Hurkyl has computed the left adjoint. Here's a way to get the right adjoint $R_c$. For any set $X$ and any object $u$ of $\mathcal C$, the value of the presheaf $R(X)$ at the object $u$ is (up to isomorphism natural in both $X$ and $u$) given by $\mathbf{PSh}(\mathcal C(-,u),R(X))$ by Yoneda's Lemma. This in turn is naturally isomorphic to $\mathbf{Set}(\text{eval}_c(\mathcal C(-,u)),X)$, by adjointness, and this is just $\mathbf{Set}(\mathcal C(c,u),X)$, i.e., $X^{\mathcal C(c,u)}$.

Mac Lane has a good treatment of the Kan extensions in $CWM$. The following is a synopsis for the right Kan extension:

given categories $A,M$ and $C$, the functor $K:M\to C$ induces a functor $A^{K}:A^{C}\to A^{M}$ defined by $A^KS=SK$ and $A^K(\sigma:S\overset{\cdot }{\rightarrow}S')=\sigma K:SK\overset{\cdot }{\rightarrow}S'K.$

In this situation, a right Kan extension is just a right adjoint to $A^K:$

given $T:M\to A,\ $ Ran$_TK$ will satisfy $\mathcal {Nat}[S,$Ran$_KT] \cong \mathcal {Nat}[SK,T].$

In your problem, you have$M=1, C=C, A=\bf{Set}$ and $K:1 \to C$ which induces the functor eval: $\bf{Set}^{C} \to \bf{Set}^1$.

The payoff of all this is that with a little work, you can exhibit Ran$_KT$ as a pointwise limit so these problems become computational. The details are in CWM (2d edition) on p. 234.

Similar results hold for the left Kan extension.