Other Idea to show an inequality $\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\geq \sqrt n$

$$\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\geq \sqrt n$$ I want to prove this by Induction $$n=1 \checkmark\\ n=k \to \dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt k}\geq \sqrt k\\ n=k+1 \to \dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt {k+1}}\geq \sqrt {k+1}$$ so $$\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt k}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt {k+1}}\geq \sqrt k+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt {k+1}}$$now we prove that $$\sqrt k+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt {k+1}} >\sqrt{k+1} \\\sqrt{k(k+1)}+1 \geq k+1 \\ k(k+1) \geq k^2 \\k+1 \geq k \checkmark$$ and the second method like below ,

and I want to know is there more Idia to show this proof ? forexample combinatorics proofs , or using integrals ,or fourier series ,....

Is there a close form for this summation ?

any help will be appreciated .


$$\begin{cases}\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}\geq \dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\\+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}\geq \dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\\+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}\geq \dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\\ \vdots\\+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\geq \dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}\end{cases} \\\\$$

sum of left hands is $\underbrace{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}}$ sum of the right hands is $n\times \dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}$ so $$\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt 3}+\cdots+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n} \geq n\dfrac{1}{\sqrt n}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n^2}}{\sqrt{n}}=\sqrt{n} \checkmark$$


Integrals:

$$\sum_{k=1}^n\frac1{\sqrt n}\ge\int_1^{n+1}\frac1{\sqrt x}\ dx=2\sqrt{n+1}-2$$

And it's very easy to check that

$$2\sqrt{n+1}-2\ge\sqrt n$$

for $n\ge2$.

A visuallization of this argument:

enter image description here

From the red lines down, that area represents a sum. From the blue line down, that represents an integral. Clearly, the integral is smaller than the sum.


I thought it might be instructive to present a simple approach that yields a much tighter bound than requested in the OP, and that relies on nothing more than telescoping series and straightforward arithmetic. To that end, we now proceed.


We begin with the telescoping series

$$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)=\sqrt{n+1}-1 \tag 1$$


Inasmuch as $\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}$, we can write $(1)$ as

$$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\right)=\sqrt{n+1}-1 \tag 2$$


Then, using $\sqrt{k+1}>\sqrt k$, we have the inequality

$$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{k}}\right)>\sqrt{n+1}-1$$

from which we see that

$$\bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}> 2(\sqrt {n+1}-1)} \tag 3$$


Note that $(3)$ provides a much tighter bound for the summation of interest than the one requested in the OP since

$$\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{1}{\sqrt k}>2(\sqrt {n+1} -1)> \sqrt n $$

for $n\ge 2$. It's easy to see that $\sum_{k=1}^n \frac1{\sqrt k} = \sqrt n $ for $n=1$.

And we are done!

Tools Used: Telescoping Series and straightforward arithmetic


By the generalized mean inequality the harmonic mean is no larger than the quadratic mean:

$$ \require{cancel} \cfrac{n}{\cfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\cfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\cdots+\cfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}} \;\le\; \sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{1})^2+(\sqrt{2})^2+\cdots+(\sqrt{n})^2}{n}} = \sqrt{\frac{\cancel{n}(n+1)}{2\,\cancel{n}}} $$

$$ \implies \quad \cfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\cfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\cdots+\cfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}} \;\ge\; \sqrt{\frac{2\,n^2}{n+1}} \;\ge\; \sqrt{n} $$