What is the word for a sentence that initially sounds profound or deep, that is, in fact, meaningless or empty?
Solution 1:
Possibly platitude:
A trite or banal remark or statement, especially one expressed as if it were original or significant.
Solution 2:
Perhaps grandiloquence
Pompous or extravagant in language, style, or manner, especially in a way that is intended to impress: a grandiloquent celebration of Spanish glory
Similarly, bombast
High-sounding language with little meaning, used to impress people.
[both Oxford Dictionaries Online]
Solution 3:
I good word for this might be meretricious, which means, courtesy of Oxford:
Apparently attractive but having in reality no value or integrity.
It's not exactly what you're looking for, but it describes pretty accurately.
Solution 4:
Were you perhaps thinking of deepity?
The term refers to a statement that is apparently profound but actually asserts a triviality on one level and something meaningless on another.
E.g.: "love is just a word"
On one level the statement is perfectly true (i.e., love is a word) but the deeper meaning of the phrase is false; love is many things — a feeling, an emotion, a condition — and not simply a word.
Solution 5:
If done intentionally then I might say sophistry, which the OED defines as:
a. Specious but fallacious reasoning; employment of arguments which are intentionally deceptive.
In offices it's also quite common to refer to what you describe using an impolite term for bull excrement.