Java Replace Line In Text File
How do I replace a line of text found within a text file?
I have a string such as:
Do the dishes0
And I want to update it with:
Do the dishes1
(and vise versa)
How do I accomplish this?
ActionListener al = new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JCheckBox checkbox = (JCheckBox) e.getSource();
if (checkbox.isSelected()) {
System.out.println("Selected");
String s = checkbox.getText();
replaceSelected(s, "1");
} else {
System.out.println("Deselected");
String s = checkbox.getText();
replaceSelected(s, "0");
}
}
};
public static void replaceSelected(String replaceWith, String type) {
}
By the way, I want to replace ONLY the line that was read. NOT the entire file.
Solution 1:
At the bottom, I have a general solution to replace lines in a file. But first, here is the answer to the specific question at hand. Helper function:
public static void replaceSelected(String replaceWith, String type) {
try {
// input the file content to the StringBuffer "input"
BufferedReader file = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("notes.txt"));
StringBuffer inputBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
while ((line = file.readLine()) != null) {
inputBuffer.append(line);
inputBuffer.append('\n');
}
file.close();
String inputStr = inputBuffer.toString();
System.out.println(inputStr); // display the original file for debugging
// logic to replace lines in the string (could use regex here to be generic)
if (type.equals("0")) {
inputStr = inputStr.replace(replaceWith + "1", replaceWith + "0");
} else if (type.equals("1")) {
inputStr = inputStr.replace(replaceWith + "0", replaceWith + "1");
}
// display the new file for debugging
System.out.println("----------------------------------\n" + inputStr);
// write the new string with the replaced line OVER the same file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("notes.txt");
fileOut.write(inputStr.getBytes());
fileOut.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Problem reading file.");
}
}
Then call it:
public static void main(String[] args) {
replaceSelected("Do the dishes", "1");
}
Original Text File Content:
Do the dishes0
Feed the dog0
Cleaned my room1
Output:
Do the dishes0
Feed the dog0
Cleaned my room1
----------------------------------
Do the dishes1
Feed the dog0
Cleaned my room1
New text file content:
Do the dishes1
Feed the dog0
Cleaned my room1
And as a note, if the text file was:
Do the dishes1
Feed the dog0
Cleaned my room1
and you used the method replaceSelected("Do the dishes", "1");,
it would just not change the file.
Since this question is pretty specific, I'll add a more general solution here for future readers (based on the title).
// read file one line at a time
// replace line as you read the file and store updated lines in StringBuffer
// overwrite the file with the new lines
public static void replaceLines() {
try {
// input the (modified) file content to the StringBuffer "input"
BufferedReader file = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("notes.txt"));
StringBuffer inputBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
while ((line = file.readLine()) != null) {
line = ... // replace the line here
inputBuffer.append(line);
inputBuffer.append('\n');
}
file.close();
// write the new string with the replaced line OVER the same file
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("notes.txt");
fileOut.write(inputBuffer.toString().getBytes());
fileOut.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Problem reading file.");
}
}
Solution 2:
Since Java 7 this is very easy and intuitive to do.
List<String> fileContent = new ArrayList<>(Files.readAllLines(FILE_PATH, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
for (int i = 0; i < fileContent.size(); i++) {
if (fileContent.get(i).equals("old line")) {
fileContent.set(i, "new line");
break;
}
}
Files.write(FILE_PATH, fileContent, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
Basically you read the whole file to a List, edit the list and finally write the list back to file.
FILE_PATH represents the Path of the file.
Solution 3:
If replacement is of different length:
- Read file until you find the string you want to replace.
- Read into memory the part after text you want to replace, all of it.
- Truncate the file at start of the part you want to replace.
- Write replacement.
- Write rest of the file from step 2.
If replacement is of same length:
- Read file until you find the string you want to replace.
- Set file position to start of the part you want to replace.
- Write replacement, overwriting part of file.
This is the best you can get, with constraints of your question. However, at least the example in question is replacing string of same length, So the second way should work.
Also be aware: Java strings are Unicode text, while text files are bytes with some encoding. If encoding is UTF8, and your text is not Latin1 (or plain 7-bit ASCII), you have to check length of encoded byte array, not length of Java string.
Solution 4:
I was going to answer this question. Then I saw it get marked as a duplicate of this question, after I'd written the code, so I am going to post my solution here.
Keeping in mind that you have to re-write the text file. First I read the entire file, and store it in a string. Then I store each line as a index of a string array, ex line one = array index 0. I then edit the index corresponding to the line that you wish to edit. Once this is done I concatenate all the strings in the array into a single string. Then I write the new string into the file, which writes over the old content. Don't worry about losing your old content as it has been written again with the edit. below is the code I used.
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String file = "file.txt";
String newLineContent = "Hello my name is bob";
int lineToBeEdited = 3;
ChangeLineInFile changeFile = new ChangeLineInFile();
changeFile.changeALineInATextFile(file, newLineContent, lineToBeEdited);
}
}
And the class.
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.io.Writer;
public class ChangeLineInFile {
public void changeALineInATextFile(String fileName, String newLine, int lineNumber) {
String content = new String();
String editedContent = new String();
content = readFile(fileName);
editedContent = editLineInContent(content, newLine, lineNumber);
writeToFile(fileName, editedContent);
}
private static int numberOfLinesInFile(String content) {
int numberOfLines = 0;
int index = 0;
int lastIndex = 0;
lastIndex = content.length() - 1;
while (true) {
if (content.charAt(index) == '\n') {
numberOfLines++;
}
if (index == lastIndex) {
numberOfLines = numberOfLines + 1;
break;
}
index++;
}
return numberOfLines;
}
private static String[] turnFileIntoArrayOfStrings(String content, int lines) {
String[] array = new String[lines];
int index = 0;
int tempInt = 0;
int startIndext = 0;
int lastIndex = content.length() - 1;
while (true) {
if (content.charAt(index) == '\n') {
tempInt++;
String temp2 = new String();
for (int i = 0; i < index - startIndext; i++) {
temp2 += content.charAt(startIndext + i);
}
startIndext = index;
array[tempInt - 1] = temp2;
}
if (index == lastIndex) {
tempInt++;
String temp2 = new String();
for (int i = 0; i < index - startIndext + 1; i++) {
temp2 += content.charAt(startIndext + i);
}
array[tempInt - 1] = temp2;
break;
}
index++;
}
return array;
}
private static String editLineInContent(String content, String newLine, int line) {
int lineNumber = 0;
lineNumber = numberOfLinesInFile(content);
String[] lines = new String[lineNumber];
lines = turnFileIntoArrayOfStrings(content, lineNumber);
if (line != 1) {
lines[line - 1] = "\n" + newLine;
} else {
lines[line - 1] = newLine;
}
content = new String();
for (int i = 0; i < lineNumber; i++) {
content += lines[i];
}
return content;
}
private static void writeToFile(String file, String content) {
try (Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), "utf-8"))) {
writer.write(content);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static String readFile(String filename) {
String content = null;
File file = new File(filename);
FileReader reader = null;
try {
reader = new FileReader(file);
char[] chars = new char[(int) file.length()];
reader.read(chars);
content = new String(chars);
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return content;
}
}