How to split a string between letters and digits (or between digits and letters)?

I'm trying to work out a way of splitting up a string in java that follows a pattern like so:

String a = "123abc345def";

The results from this should be the following:

x[0] = "123";
x[1] = "abc";
x[2] = "345";
x[3] = "def";

However I'm completely stumped as to how I can achieve this. Please can someone help me out? I have tried searching online for a similar problem, however it's very difficult to phrase it correctly in a search.

Please note: The number of letters & numbers may vary (e.g. There could be a string like so '1234a5bcdef')

Solution 1:

You could try to split on (?<=\D)(?=\d)|(?<=\d)(?=\D), like:

str.split("(?<=\\D)(?=\\d)|(?<=\\d)(?=\\D)");

It matches positions between a number and not-a-number (in any order).

• (?<=\D)(?=\d) - matches a position between a non-digit (\D) and a digit (\d)
• (?<=\d)(?=\D) - matches a position between a digit and a non-digit.

Solution 2:

How about:

private List<String> Parse(String str) {
    List<String> output = new ArrayList<String>();
    Matcher match = Pattern.compile("[0-9]+|[a-z]+|[A-Z]+").matcher(str);
    while (match.find()) {
        output.add(match.group());
    }
    return output;
}

Solution 3:

You can try this:

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("[a-z]+|\\d+");
Matcher m = p.matcher("123abc345def");
ArrayList<String> allMatches = new ArrayList<>();
while (m.find()) {
    allMatches.add(m.group());
}

The result (allMatches) will be:

["123", "abc", "345", "def"]

Solution 4:

Use two different patterns: [0-9]* and [a-zA-Z]* and split twice by each of them.

Solution 5:

If you are looking for solution without using Java String functionality (i.e. split, match, etc.) then the following should help:

List<String> splitString(String string) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        String token = "";
        char curr;
        for (int e = 0; e < string.length() + 1; e++) {
            if (e == 0)
                curr = string.charAt(0);
            else {
                curr = string.charAt(--e);
            }

            if (isNumber(curr)) {
                while (e < string.length() && isNumber(string.charAt(e))) {
                    token += string.charAt(e++);
                }
                list.add(token);
                token = "";
            } else {
                while (e < string.length() && !isNumber(string.charAt(e))) {
                    token += string.charAt(e++);
                }
                list.add(token);
                token = "";
            }

        }

        return list;
    }

boolean isNumber(char c) {
        return c >= '0' && c <= '9';
    }

This solution will split numbers and 'words', where 'words' are strings that don't contain numbers. However, if you like to have only 'words' containing English letters then you can easily modify it by adding more conditions (like isNumber method call) depending on your requirements (for example you may wish to skip words that contain non English letters). Also note that the splitString method returns ArrayList which later can be converted to String array.