I solved my problem (as system32 suggests on comment) creating a CustomArrayAdapter class, and setting it as the adapter for my listView.

First I changed android:id="@+id/listView1" to android:id="@android:id/list" in fragment.xml.

CustomArrayAdapter.java

public class CustomArrayAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Menu> {

    Context context;

    public CustomArrayAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Menu> objects) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.context = context;
    }

    /*private view holder class*/
    private class ViewHolder {
        ImageView imageView;
        TextView txtMenuName;
        TextView txtMenuDesc;
        TextView txtPrice;
    }

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder holder = null;
        Menu rowItem = getItem(position);

        LayoutInflater mInflater = (LayoutInflater) context
                .getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        if (convertView == null) {
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_row, null);
            holder = new ViewHolder();
            holder.txtMenuName = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.menu_name);
            holder.txtMenuDesc = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.description);
            holder.txtPrice = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.price);
            holder.imageView = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.list_image);
            convertView.setTag(holder);
        } else
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();

        holder.txtMenuDesc.setText(rowItem.getDescription());
        holder.txtMenuName.setText(rowItem.getName());
        holder.txtPrice.setText(String.valueOf(rowItem.getPrice()) + " TL");
        //holder.imageView.setImageResource(rowItem.getImageId());

        return convertView;
    }

}

Then I use it in my Fragment class

    public static class Fragment extends ListFragment {
        /**
         * The fragment argument representing the section number for this
         * fragment.
         */
        public static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";

        private ListView listView;
        private ArrayList<Menu> menuItems;
        private CustomArrayAdapter mAdapter;

        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment,
                    container, false);
            listView = (ListView) rootView.findViewById(android.R.id.list);

            return rootView;
        }

        @Override
        public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
            int num = getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER);
            // GlobalList is a class that holds global variables, arrays etc
            // getMenuCategories returns global arraylist which is initialized in GlobalList class
            menuItems = GlobalList.getMenuCategories().get(num).getMenu();
            mAdapter = new CustomArrayAdapter(getActivity(), android.R.id.list, menuItems);
            listView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        }
    }