Why doesn't Ubuntu provide the compiled version of emacs .el files

The listed *.el files

  1. are too small, too short, and over too quickly to benefit from Emacs Lisp compilation. Read them.
  2. are only encountered once, at emacs startup.

A better usage pattern is to start emacs once, enable (server-start) in your ~/.emacs, and use emacsclientto access and reaccess it.
In your ~/.bashrc,
export VISUAL=emacsclient export EDITOR="$VISUAL" alias emacs="emacsclient"

will make using emacsclient easier. Read man emacsclient.