Rsync over ssh with root access on both sides

Actually you do NOT need to allow root athentication via SSH to run rsync as Antoine suggests. The transport and system authentication can be done entirely over user accounts as long as you can run rsync with sudo on both ends for reading and writing the files.

As a user on your destination server you can suck the data from your source server like this:

sudo rsync -aPe ssh --rsync-path='sudo rsync' boron:/home/fred /home/

The user you run as on both servers will need passwordless* sudo access to the rsync binary, but you do NOT need to enable ssh login as root anywhere. If the user you are using doesn't match on the other end, you can add user@boron: to specify a different remote user.

Good luck.

*or you will need to have entered the password manually inside the timeout window.

If your data is not highly sensitive, you could use tar and socat. In my experience this is often faster than rsync over ssh.

You need socat or netcat on both sides.

On the target host, go to the directory where you would like to put your data, after that run:
socat TCP-LISTEN:4444 - | tar xzf -

If the target host is listening, start it on the source like:
tar czf - /home/fred /home/ | socat - TCP:ip-of-remote-server:4444

For this setup you'll need a reliable connection between the 2 servers.

Ok, i've pieced together all the clues to get something that works for me.

Lets call the servers "src" & "dst".

Set up a key pair for root on the destination server, and copy the public key to the source server:

dest $ sudo -i
dest # ssh-keygen
dest # exit
dest $ scp /root/id_rsa.pub src:

Add the public key to root's authorized keys on the source server

src $ sudo -i
src # cp /home/tim/id_rsa.pub .ssh/authorized_keys

Back on the destination server, pull the data across with rsync:

dest $ sudo -i
dest # rsync -aP src:/home/fred /home/