On screen Keyboard with uTouch
Solution 1:
Currently Unity does not come with an onscreen keyboard of that sort. You can use onboard (open it from dash) to type using the mouse/touchpad, though it won't be a wonderfully smooth experience. Unfortunately there is no "Ubuntu Tablet Edition", so until (if) that happens, you will have to resort to "hacks" or "workarounds" to get such functionality.
Onboard screenshot:
Solution 2:
In my opinion florence virtual keyboard seems like the best onscreen keyboard currently available for linux.
Download it from sourceforge.net and compile or install with a deb (older version )