Which communication method is most efficient?

I'm playing Kerbal Space Program 0.22 and I've just unlocked the Comms DTS M1. It looks better than the Communotron 16 but is it more efficient? Specifically is the throughput or electricity use better?

Comms DTS M1

OR

Communotron 16

I don't really understand the transmit data action. How does it determine the throughput and electicity use?

Edit: There's also the 88-88, if you could factor that in to your answer, that'd be great.

Note: With Version 1.2, the functionality of antennas was changed a lot and more antennas were added. This answer might not be very useful anymore.

With version 1.0, the antennas were rebalanced. But the stats listed on the construction screen seem to be misleading, because they have little relation to their actual performance.

As an experiment I tested transmitting the atmospheric analysis experiment with each antenna and measured the energy and time (without unfolding animation) it required.

Antenna     | Mass | Cost |Energy | Time
------------+------+------+-------+-----
16          | .005 | 300  | 1200  | 60s
DTS-M1      | .03  | 600  | 1200  | 35s
88-88       | .025 | 1100 | 2000  | 10s

As you can see, the antennas later in the tech tree have a higher transmission speed. The fastest antenna - the 88-88 - requires more energy than the other two to transmit the same results.

Often the limiting factor when transmitting is energy supply, not transmission speed. To really make use of the 88-88, you need more battery capacity and/or a lot more energy sources which means more mass to carry.

That means when timing is not a concern, the first antenna, the Communotron 16 is usually the optimal choice because it has the least mass and is the cheapest.

The only case where it might make sense to choose a faster antenna could be a probe which is planned to research the lower atmosphere of a planet but isn't equipped in any way to slow its descent and thus only has a limited time before it crashes onto the surface performs a lithobrake maneuver.

By the way: When you equip your craft with multiple antennas you can transmit multiple results in parallel which saves you a lot of time.