Is it possible to use getters/setters in interface definition?

At the moment, TypeScript does not allow use get/set methods(accessors) in interfaces. For example:

interface I {
      get name():string;
}

class C implements I {
      get name():string {
          return null;
      } 
}

furthermore, TypeScript does not allow use Array Function Expression in class methods: for ex.:

class C {
    private _name:string;

    get name():string => this._name;
}

Is there any other way I can use a getter and setter on an interface definition?

Solution 1:

You can specify the property on the interface, but you can't enforce whether getters and setters are used, like this:

interface IExample {
    Name: string;
}

class Example implements IExample {
    private _name: string = "Bob";

    public get Name() {
        return this._name;
    }

    public set Name(value) {
        this._name = value;
    }
}

var example = new Example();
alert(example.Name);

In this example, the interface doesn't force the class to use getters and setters, I could have used a property instead (example below) - but the interface is supposed to hide these implementation details anyway as it is a promise to the calling code about what it can call.

interface IExample {
    Name: string;
}

class Example implements IExample {
    // this satisfies the interface just the same
    public Name: string = "Bob";
}

var example = new Example();
alert(example.Name);

And lastly, => is not allowed for class methods - you could start a discussion on Codeplex if you think there is a burning use case for it. Here is an example:

class Test {
    // Yes
    getName = () => 'Steve';

    // No
    getName() => 'Steve';

    // No
    get name() => 'Steve';
}

Solution 2:

To supplement the other answers, if your desire is to define a get value on an interface, you can use readonly:

interface Foo {
  readonly value: number;
}

let foo: Foo = { value: 10 };

foo.value = 20; //error

class Bar implements Foo {
  get value() {
    return 10;
  }
}

but as far as I'm aware, and as others mentioned, there is no way currently to define a set-only property in the interface. You can, however, move the limitation to a run-time error (useful during the development cycle only):

interface Foo {
  /* Set Only! */
  value: number;
}

class Bar implements Foo {
  _value:number;
  set value(value: number) {
    this._value = value;
  }
  get value() {
    throw Error("Not Supported Exception");
  }
}

Not recommended practice; but an option.

Solution 3:

First of all, Typescript only supports get and set syntax when targetting Ecmascript 5. To achieve this, you have to call the compiler with

tsc --target ES5

Interfaces do not support getters and setters. To get your code to compile you would have to change it to

interface I { 
    getName():string;
}

class C implements I { 
    getName():string {
          return null;
    }   
}

What typescript does support is a special syntax for fields in constructors. In your case, you could have

interface I {
    getName():string;
}

class C implements I {
    constructor(public name: string) {
    }
    getName():string {
        return name;
    }
}

Notice how class C does not specify the field name. It is actually declared using syntactic sugar public name: string in the constructor.

As Sohnee points out, the interface is actually supposed to hide any implementation details. In my example, I have chosen the interface to require a java-style getter method. However, you can also a property and then let the class decide how to implement the interface.