Trouble browsing Windows network printers from Mac
Solution 1:
Apple's knowledgebase article on troubleshooting shared Windows printers specifies that printers on a different subnet won't show up in the Windows dialog of Add Printer. This sounds to be the case for you.
Since you're able to connect to the domain via smb, you should be able to manually add the printer(s). Select the "Advanced" button at the top of the Add Printer dialog from your screenshot.
Select "Windows" from the Type dropdown menu. You can manually enter the printer's smb URL:
smb://Windows_name/printer_share_name
or possibly
smb://user:password@Windows_Computer_Name/Shared_Printer_Name
Select the appropriate driver and click "Add".
You can get the full steps on how to manually add a Windows printer from Apple's knowledgebase here.
Solution 2:
Below are three articles for trying to fix this, but generally you can just type
smb://workgroup/server/sharename
or
smb://server/sharename
in the windows dialog and that should work if you cannot see the printers automatically.
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Mac OS X: Cannot locate a shared Windows printer
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1404
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Mac OS X 10.5 or earlier: Troubleshooting printing issues
http://support.apple.com/kb/TS3140
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Mac OS X: How to manually add a Windows shared printer
http://support.apple.com/kb/ht3049
I had problems printing to windows computers at my work and using these articles, so what I did was manually add the printers by IP address.