Is there a way I can open the Windows 10 Ubuntu bash without running the ~/.bashrc script?
You should be able to skip loading the default .bashrc file in WSL in essentially the same way as in "regular" bash:
--norc Do not read and execute the system wide initialization file
/etc/bash.bashrc and the personal initialization file ~/.bashrc
if the shell is interactive. This option is on by default if
the shell is invoked as sh.
So, open the Windows CMD.exe and type
wsl.exe -e bash --norc
Once you are in the interactive shell you can revert the changes yo made to the ~/.bashrc file.