How to count occurrences of text in a file?

I have a log file sorted by IP addresses, I want to find the number of occurrences of each unique IP address. How can I do this with bash? Possibly listing the number of occurrences next to an ip, such as:

5.135.134.16 count: 5
13.57.220.172: count 30
18.206.226 count:2

and so on.

Here’s a sample of the log:

5.135.134.16 - - [23/Mar/2019:08:42:54 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
5.135.134.16 - - [23/Mar/2019:08:42:55 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
5.135.134.16 - - [23/Mar/2019:08:42:55 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3836 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
5.135.134.16 - - [23/Mar/2019:08:42:55 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
5.135.134.16 - - [23/Mar/2019:08:42:56 -0400] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 200 413 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:05 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:06 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3985 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:07 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:08 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3833 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:09 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:11 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3836 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:12 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:15 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3837 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.220.172 - - [23/Mar/2019:11:01:17 -0400] "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.1" 200 413 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
13.57.233.99 - - [23/Mar/2019:04:17:45 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 25160 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36"
18.206.226.75 - - [23/Mar/2019:21:58:07 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "https://www.google.com/url?3a622303df89920683e4421b2cf28977" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0"
18.206.226.75 - - [23/Mar/2019:21:58:07 -0400] "POST /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3988 "https://www.google.com/url?3a622303df89920683e4421b2cf28977" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0"
18.213.10.181 - - [23/Mar/2019:14:45:42 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
18.213.10.181 - - [23/Mar/2019:14:45:42 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"
18.213.10.181 - - [23/Mar/2019:14:45:42 -0400] "GET /wp-login.php HTTP/1.1" 200 2988 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:62.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/62.0"

Solution 1:

You can use cut and uniq tools:

cut -d ' ' -f1 test.txt  | uniq -c
      5 5.135.134.16
      9 13.57.220.172
      1 13.57.233.99
      2 18.206.226.75
      3 18.213.10.181

Explanation :

cut -d ' ' -f1 : extract first field (ip address)
uniq -c : report repeated lines and display the number of occurences

Solution 2:

If you don't specifically require the given output format, then I would recommend the already posted cut + uniq based answer

If you really need the given output format, a single-pass way to do it in Awk would be

awk '{c[$1]++} END{for(i in c) print i, "count: " c[i]}' log

This is somewhat non-ideal when the input is already sorted since it unnecessarily stores all the IPs into memory - a better, though more complicated, way to do it in the pre-sorted case (more directly equivalent to uniq -c) would be:

awk '
  NR==1 {last=$1} 
  $1 != last {print last, "count: " c[last]; last = $1} 
  {c[$1]++} 
  END {print last, "count: " c[last]}
'

Ex.

$ awk 'NR==1 {last=$1} $1 != last {print last, "count: " c[last]; last = $1} {c[$1]++} END{print last, "count: " c[last]}' log
5.135.134.16 count: 5
13.57.220.172 count: 9
13.57.233.99 count: 1
18.206.226.75 count: 2
18.213.10.181 count: 3

Solution 3:

You can use grep and uniq for the list of addresses, loop over them and grep again for the count:

for i in $(<log grep -o '^[^ ]*' | uniq); do
  printf '%s count %d\n' "$i" $(<log grep -c "$i")
done

grep -o '^[^ ]*' outputs every character from the beginning (^) until the first space of each line, uniq removes repeated lines, thus leaving you with a list of IP addresses. Thanks to command substitution, the for loop loops over this list printing the currently processed IP followed by “ count ” and the count. The latter is computed by grep -c, which counts the number of lines with at least one match.

Example run

$ for i in $(<log grep -o '^[^ ]*'|uniq);do printf '%s count %d\n' "$i" $(<log grep -c "$i");done
5.135.134.16 count 5
13.57.220.172 count 9
13.57.233.99 count 1
18.206.226.75 count 2
18.213.10.181 count 3

Solution 4:

Here is one possible solution:

IN_FILE="file.log"
for IP in $(awk '{print $1}' "$IN_FILE" | sort -u)
do
    echo -en "${IP}\tcount: "
    grep -c "$IP" "$IN_FILE"
done

replace file.log with the actual file name.
the command substitution expression $(awk '{print $1}' "$IN_FILE" | sort -u) will provide a list of the unique values of the first column.
then grep -c will count each of these values within the file.

$ IN_FILE="file.log"; for IP in $(awk '{print $1}' "$IN_FILE" | sort -u); do echo -en "${IP}\tcount: "; grep -c "$IP" "$IN_FILE"; done
13.57.220.172   count: 9
13.57.233.99    count: 1
18.206.226.75   count: 2
18.213.10.181   count: 3
5.135.134.16    count: 5