A Record VS. Cname Round N

Solution 1:

ok, the answer is hidden in your question:

...small DNS server...at most 5 domain names...

...queries will be speed up by using A Name records...

Usually DNS lookups are done rarely, and are cached in the app anyway or on the requesting system. So, this 'speed up' argument is just hypothetical.

I run reasonably large DNS infrastructure that locally serves several thousand hosts with over 300 different domains.

I keep A records to a minimum and use CNAMEs whenever possible and when it makes logical sense. Rule of thumb is: A record only for the primary interface for the node, and that which need reverse resolving to it as well. Everything else (like services running on the server) is a CNAME.

Reason for not having multiple A's ais also that you'd expect (not a requirement though!!) to have a corresponding PTR. But you can't if you only have 1 IP.

in other words:

name1 IN A IP1
IP1 IN PTR arpa.name1
name2 IN CNAME name1

is ok, but

name1 IN A IP1
IP1 IN PTR arpa.name1
name2 IN A IP1
IP2 IN PTR arpa.name2

is not so (in fact you don't really want to have the last entry!)

but then again, it is really a matter of common sense and preference, there are no hard rules.

Solution 2:

Have an A record for the server's primary (or "infrastructure") hostname.

The websites hosted on it should then use CNAME records pointing at that hostname.

The exception is if you want "bare" domain names (i.e. without a www. or similar prefix) to work. DNS rules mean you can't usually use a CNAME for those, which unfortunately means that those records have to be A records instead, i.e.:

$ORIGIN example.net. ; host is in this domain
@      IN SOA ...
       IN NS ...
server IN A 192.0.2.1

$ORIGIN example.com. ; website is in this domain
@      IN SOA ...
       IN NS ...
       IN A 192.0.2.1 ; can't be a CNAME - other RRs already here
www    IN CNAME server.example.net.

You want credentials? See my profile...

Solution 3:

I'm not sure what your definition of a "large" DNS system is. I've worked on one of about 30, and one of about 50.

I'd say that you can't accurately answer this question for all setups. Your performance profile, your available resources, the frequency with which you need to update IP addresses, and the tools available to you will all influence this decision.

For example, an administrator trying to squeeze the last drops of performance out of a system who rarely changes IPs or has access to a tool to easily make broad changes will have a different answer from an administrator who has more performance than time. How many IP addresses and/or host machines you manage may have an effect. Your clients' needs may have an effect.

Personally, when there are only a few machines involved and a large number of domains, I use CNAMEs. When I have relatively few domains per server, I prefer A records. So, despite your implication that it can be answered definitively, I think it is heavily dependent on situation, resources, and (yes) personal preference.