How is the underlying disk space (and associated technologies) for persistent storage usually configured in Docker [closed]
Solution 1:
What are the common conventions for attaching persistent storage OUTSIDE of the container
There aren't.
The whole Docker paradigm is based on the assumption that you can create and destroy containers as you wish. They are not persistent, and they are not supposed to be.
If your containers expect something to be there, You're Doing It Wrong™.