Force to apply changes through puppet on a puppet agent, through master?

Solution 1:

According to their Deprecated Command Line Features:

[In Puppet 4.0] The puppet kick command is gone, and the agent daemon will no longer listen for incoming HTTPS connections.

If you or your scripts use puppet kick, you’ll need to either install MCollective for a more robust and parallel task running system or use a parallel SSH tool to kick off Puppet runs. If you use Puppet Enterprise, you can already use its orchestration features to trigger Puppet runs.

You’ll probably want to close port 8139, while you’re at it.

(Emphasis mine on closing port 8139)

Solution 2:

Try

puppet kick --host <hostname>

Reference: kick man page.