Try ^++D while selecting a word (that's ctrl+cmd+d). If the app is well integrated into Mac OS X, it will show a little popup with the word definition.

Like so

mac os x dictionary

If you click "More..", it'll open the dictionary app.

If this shortcut doesn't work, go to

System Preferences > Keyboard > Keyboard shortcuts > Services

and search Look Up in Dictionary to add the shortcut you want.