Google Cloud Platform cannot access on premise network from GCP
Solution 1:
Try running connectivity test[1] from GCP to on-prem and see if the connectivity test shows successful. I suspect there is some issue with on-prem network not allowing packets. I would recommend running a tcpdump on your on-prem Firewall while trying to connect from the GCP instance and see where the packet is dropping.
[1]https://cloud.google.com/network-intelligence-center/docs/connectivity-tests/how-to/running-connectivity-tests