Is it actually possible to send some data to remote destination over tcp/ip without any socket? [closed]

I am studying socket concept. As far as I learned socket is like electrical socket that is created in both end of communicating devices (or processes). Socket can keep itself alive forever to listen some request (this is may be the key concept to make any server program).

However, my curious mind wants to know that is it possible to communicate between two computers without creating any socket (file descriptor) ?

Please help with detail description, I am new in this area.

Thank you in advance!

Solution 1:

A socket is a standardized programming interface only. In theory one could work directly to the network card (and libraries like DPDK do this) but using the socket API makes it much easier and independent of the specific hardware and network setup.