How do you play a sound from the terminal?
Yes you can do it with many commandline tools like mpg123, aplay , cvlc and mplayer, but I suggest the play command. To install it:
sudo apt install sox
And for playing special formats like mp3 you must install its libraries:
sudo apt install libsox-fmt-mp3
And to use it:
play music.mp3
If you want to use it with full libraries, you must install libsox-fmt-all package:
sudo apt install libsox-fmt-all