Method not found using DigestUtils in Android
Solution 1:
I ran into the same issue trying to use DigestUtils in my Android app. This was the best answer I could find by searching, but I was reluctant to rebuild the .jar file with the namespace changed. After spending some time on this issue, I found an easier way to solve the problem for my case. The problem statement for my code was
String s = DigestUtils.md5Hex(data);
Replace this statement with the following and it will work:
String s = new String(Hex.encodeHex(DigestUtils.md5(data)));
Similarly, for shaHex exampl, you can change it to
String hash = new String(Hex.encodeHex(DigestUtils.sha("textToHash")));
This works because even though Android does not have encodeHexString(), it does have encodeHex(). Hope this would help others who run into the same issue.
Solution 2:
Since there's no clear answer for the root cause of this problem, I'd like to clarify what's happening here.
Why the NoSuchMethodError is thrown in the first place?
According to exception stack trace, the line that causes the fault is 226 in DigestUtils#md5hex
method. Let's see what we have there (I'm assuming you have used version 1.4, since this is the only release where Hex#encodeHexString
method is being invoked in line 226):
public static String md5Hex(String data) {
return Hex.encodeHexString(md5(data));
}
The exception says java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex.encodeHexString
.
Let's understand why.
First of all, Android framework already includes the Commons Codec
library (except the DigestUtils
class). Yes, it is not exposed as part of the Android SDK
and you cannot use it directly. But you still want to use it. So what you do? You add Commons Codec
library as part of your application. The compiler doesn't complain - from his point of view everything was fine.
But what happens at runtime? Let's follow your exception stack trace:
First, you're calling DigestUtils#md5Hex
from your Activity's onCreate
method. As I wrote above, the framework doesn't include that class, so DigestUtils
(from Commons Codec
version 1.4) is loaded from your dex.
Next, md5hex
method tries to invoke Hex#encodeHexString
method. Hex
class is part of the Commons Codec
library that included in framework. The thing is that its version is 1.3 (ancient release from July 2004). Hex
class exists in boot classpath, which means that the runtime will always favor it instead of the Hex
class that packaged inside your dex. You can see warnings about it in your application logs when you start your app (with Dalvik runtime):
D/dalvikvm? DexOpt: 'Lorg/apache/commons/codec/binary/Hex;' has an earlier definition; blocking out
I/dalvikvm? DexOpt: not resolving ambiguous class 'Lorg/apache/commons/codec/binary/Hex;'
D/dalvikvm? DexOpt: not verifying/optimizing 'Lorg/apache/commons/codec/binary/Hex;': multiple definitions
I/dalvikvm? Could not find method org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex.encodeHexString, referenced from method org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils.md5Hex
Hex#encodeHexString method was introduced in version 1.4 of Commons Codec
library and therefore it doesn't exist in framework's Hex
class. The runtime can't find this method and thus throws NoSuchMethodError
exception.
Why the accepted answer's solution works?
String s = new String(Hex.encodeHex(DigestUtils.md5(data)));
First, DigestUtils#md5
method is called. As I already stated, DigestUtils
class that will be used is the one that packaged in your dex. This method doesn't use any other Commons Codec
classes, so no problem with it.
Next, Hex#encodeHex
will be called. The Hex
class that will be used is the framework's one (version 1.3). The encodeHex
method (that takes a single parameter - byte array) exists in version 1.3 of Commons Codec
library, and therefore this code will work fine.
What would I suggest?
My suggested solution is to rename the classes namespace/package. By doing so I'm explicitly specifying which code is going to execute, and prevent bizarre behavior that may occur because of versioning issues.
You can do it manually (as Caumons wrote in his answer), or automatically with jarjar tool.
See this issue summary and tips for using jarjar
in my blogpost.
Solution 3:
Finally I get the answer and it works well. As described in No such method error in Apache codec for another type of encrypt (Base64) I tried to reproduce the same issue and I get exactly the same error. So I was in the case of the question attached. As they say, it seems to be an internal name collision with the package name org.apache.commons.codec
and as stated by @Don I changed it to com.apache.commons.codec
and worked fine! How I did it?
I downloaded the source code and changed the 3 directories org
to com
. I also replaced all the occurrences of the package name in the files where they appear and also changed the references in the docs to com/apache/commons/codec/
. (Do not try to remane them manually or you will spend the hole day). Then I compiled the library and generated the jar with Ant, which I called commons-codec-1.6-android.jar
. I put the jar in the libs/
folder of my Android app and added it to the buildpath. Also, I attached the sources as the folder which contains all the files. So now I have the library ready to use with Android!
Hope that it helps someone else!
Solution 4:
Thanks @DA25
This is working fine for me
I have add dependency
compile 'commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9'
ref: http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.9
my function
public String encode(String key, String data) {
try {
Mac sha256_HMAC = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
SecretKeySpec secret_key = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256");
sha256_HMAC.init(secret_key);
return new String(Hex.encodeHex(sha256_HMAC.doFinal(data.getBytes("UTF-8"))));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}