View Google Chrome history on current device only
You can do this by going to Settings and then clicking on 'Advanced sync settings' under the title Sign-in at the top.
Then de-select 'History' and save your settings.
Or you can just sign-out from Google Chrome altogether.
Or just browse in Incognito Mode if you do not wish your history to be shown on other connected devices.
Because, if any device is connected and synced with Chrome, it's definitely going to show its recent history there.