How do mathematicians know what is known?
Solution 1:
Is this question still open? Often times, mathematicians don't know what is known. I published a paper based on an "unsolved problem" that someone had posed. It turned out that it had already been solved 40 years ago, but it had been forgotten. But after my paper was published, someone remembered the old paper (it wasn't in Math. Reviews as it had been in a small European journal). This happens a lot. Usually you talk to other people in the area first, before doing any serious work on a problem .