significance of "The" before country name [duplicate]
Very simply:
If the country name is common nouns, use the - the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom.
If it is a group of islands, use the - the Bahamas, the Maldives.
If it the name is common nouns followed by 'of', use the - the United States of America, the Peoples Republic of China.
If the name is taken from a geographical feature, you should use the - the Yemen, the Lebanon. This last one is declining though.
India is just a plain old proper noun, like a persons name, and hence takes no article.