Server 2008 R2 to Server 2016 options

Solution 1:

Yeah you are pretty much screwed,

My advice, use windows backup on the server, take a full backup and save to a NAS of other external HDD, make sure to do both a file level and image level backup, install server 2016 setup the server get all the features and roles setup, and then transfer the files over.

That should take care of the server, if you cannot tolerate any downtime you will have to do this on a weekend or at night when you can, and explain that unfortunately down time is needed.

As for the Win 10 Home, I ran into a similar situation before, I tried everything I could think of to get the on the DC but had to get the proper license,

I know its probably not the most helpful but i did read a couple articles on line that had some really hacky ways of migrating Server 2008 R2 to 2016

Google: Migrate Server 2008 R2 to Server 2016

Most of the time I have found the hacky way to be a temporary solution and it should be done correctly to eliminate putting out fires you have no idea how they got started.