Annihilator of quotient module M/IM

Replace $A$ with $A/\operatorname{Ann}(M)$. Then $M$ is an $A$-module with trivial annihilator ideal. Let $a\in \operatorname{Ann}(M/IM)$ (equivalent to $(aM+IM)/IM=0$). You would like to conclude that $a\in I$, or equivalently, that $(aA+I)/I=0$.

This is true by definition if $M$ is faithfully flat over $A$ (e.g. if $M$ is free of positive rank over $A$) because then $(aA+I)/I\otimes_A M $ is isomorphic to $(aM+IM)/IM=0$ by flatness, hence $(aA+I)/I=0$ by faithful flatness. Otherwise it is false even when $M$ is finitely generated over $A$.

Example. Let $A=k[x,y]\subset k[t]$ where $k$ is a field, $x=t^2, y=t^3$. Let $M=k[t]$. It is finitely generated over $A$ (a system of generators is $1, t$). Let $I=xA$. Then $IM=t^2k[t]$ and $yM=t^3k[t]\subseteq IM$. So $y\in \operatorname{Ann}(M/IM)$. But $y\notin I$.