Why re-initiate the DbContext when using the Entity Framework?

Managing Lifetime

You're correct that a single static instance of DbContext is usually not recommended:

The more you use an ObjectContext, generally the bigger it gets. This is because it holds a reference to all the Entities it has ever known about, essentially whatever you have queried, added or attached. So you should reconsider sharing the same ObjectContext indefinitely.

These comments apply directly to the DbContext, because it wraps wraps ObjectContext to expose "simplified and more intuitive APIs." [see documentation]

Cost of Construction

The overhead of creating the context is relatively low:

The reality is this cost is actually pretty low, because mostly it simply involves copying, by reference, metadata from a global cache into the new ObjectContext. Generally I don’t think this cost is worth worrying about ...

The common way to work with a short-lived context is to wrap it in a using block:

using(DbContext context = new SomeDbContext())
{
    // Do work with context
}

To ease with testing, you may want to have your DbContext implement some IDbContext interface, and create a factory class ContextFactory<T> where T : IDbContext to instantiate contexts.

This allows you to easily swap any IDbContext into your code (ie. an in-memory context for object mocking.)

Resources

• MSDN: How to decide on a lifetime for your ObjectContext
• StackOverflow: Instantiating a context in LINQ to Entities

The best practice for webdevelopment seems to be "one context per web request", see Proper Session/DbContext lifecycle management, when working with WCF this could be translated into one context per operation (i.e. one context per WCF method call).

There are different ways to achieve this but one solution, probably not recommended for different reasons, is to create a new instance of the context and pass it to the constructor of your business class:

public void WCFMethod()
{
  using (DBContext db = new DBContext())
  {
    BusinessLogic logic = new BusinessLogic(db);
    logic.DoWork();
  }
}