How do you determine what type of CPU socket a linux computer has?

If you have x86info installed you can run it with x86info -a and you will get something like this:

x86info v1.11.  Dave Jones 2001, 2002
Feedback to <[email protected]>.

Need to be root to use specified options.
Found 1 CPU
eax in: 0x00000000, eax = 00000002 ebx = 756e6547 ecx = 6c65746e edx = 49656e69
eax in: 0x00000001, eax = 00000686 ebx = 00000002 ecx = 00000000 edx = 0383f9ff
eax in: 0x00000002, eax = 03020101 ebx = 00000000 ecx = 00000000 edx = 0c040882

Family: 6 Model: 8 Stepping: 6 Type: 0
CPU Model: Pentium III (Coppermine) [cC0] Original OEM
Feature flags:
 fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr sse

Instruction TLB: 4KB pages, 4-way associative, 32 entries
Instruction TLB: 4MB pages, fully associative, 2 entries
Data TLB: 4KB pages, 4-way associative, 64 entries
L2 unified cache:
    Size: 256KB 8-way associative.
    line size=32 bytes.
L1 Instruction cache:
    Size: 16KB  4-way associative.
    line size=32 bytes.
Data TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way associative, 8 entries
L1 Data cache:
    Size: 16KB  4-way associative.
    line size=32 bytes.

Connector type: Socket 370 (FC-PGA) or (PPGA)


930.33 MHz processor (estimate).

This works for me: dmidecode -t processor.

Other types are: bios, system, baseboard, chassis, memory, cache, connector, slot.