Linear Regression with a known fixed intercept in R
I want to calculate a linear regression using the lm() function in R. Additionally I want to get the slope of a regression, where I explicitly give the intercept to lm()
.
I found an example on the internet and I tried to read the R-help "?lm" (unfortunately I'm not able to understand it), but I did not succeed. Can anyone tell me where my mistake is?
lin <- data.frame(x = c(0:6), y = c(0.3, 0.1, 0.9, 3.1, 5, 4.9, 6.2))
plot (lin$x, lin$y)
regImp = lm(formula = lin$x ~ lin$y)
abline(regImp, col="blue")
# Does not work:
# Use 1 as intercept
explicitIntercept = rep(1, length(lin$x))
regExp = lm(formula = lin$x ~ lin$y + explicitIntercept)
abline(regExp, col="green")
Thanls for your help.
You could subtract the explicit intercept from the regressand and then fit the intercept-free model:
> intercept <- 1.0
> fit <- lm(I(x - intercept) ~ 0 + y, lin)
> summary(fit)
The 0 +
suppresses the fitting of the intercept by lm
.
edit To plot the fit, use
> abline(intercept, coef(fit))
P.S. The variables in your model look the wrong way round: it's usually y ~ x
, not x ~ y
(i.e. the regressand should go on the left and the regressor(s) on the right).
I see that you have accepted a solution using I(). I had thought that an offset() based solution would have been more obvious, but tastes vary and after working through the offset solution I can appreciate the economy of the I() solution:
with(lin, plot(y,x) )
lm_shift_up <- lm(x ~ y +0 +
offset(rep(1, nrow(lin))),
data=lin)
abline(1,coef(lm_shift_up))
I have used both offset and I(). I also find offset easier to work with (like BondedDust) since you can set your intercept.
Assuming Intercept is 10.
plot (lin$x, lin$y)
fit <-lm(lin$y~0 +lin$x,offset=rep(10,length(lin$x)))
abline(fit,col="blue")