Division of integers in Java [duplicate]

This is a basic question but I can't find an answer. I've looked into floating point arithmetic and a few other topics but nothing has seemed to address this. I'm sure I just have the wrong terminology.

Basically, I want to take two quantities - completed, and total - and divide them to come up with a percentage (of how much has been completed). The quantities are longs. Here's the setup:

long completed = 25000;
long total = 50000;

System.out.println(completed/total);  // Prints 0

I've tried reassigning the result to a double - it prints 0.0. Where am I going wrong?

Incidentally, the next step is to multiply this result by 100, which I assume should be easy once this small hurdle is stepped over.

BTW not homework here just plain old numskull-ness (and maybe too much coding today).

Solution 1:

Converting the output is too late; the calculation has already taken place in integer arithmetic. You need to convert the inputs to double:

System.out.println((double)completed/(double)total);

Note that you don't actually need to convert both of the inputs. So long as one of them is double, the other will be implicitly converted. But I prefer to do both, for symmetry.

Solution 2:

You don't even need doubles for this. Just multiply by 100 first and then divide. Otherwise the result would be less than 1 and get truncated to zero, as you saw.

edit: or if overflow is likely, if it would overflow (ie the dividend is bigger than 922337203685477581), divide the divisor by 100 first.

Solution 3:

In Java
Integer/Integer = Integer
Integer/Double = Double//Either of numerator or denominator must be floating point number
1/10 = 0
1.0/10 = 0.1
1/10.0 = 0.1

Just type cast either of them.