Using JSON.NET as the default JSON serializer in ASP.NET MVC 3 - is it possible?

Is it possible to use JSON.NET as default JSON serializer in ASP.NET MVC 3?

According to my research, it seems that the only way to accomplish this is to extend ActionResult as JsonResult in MVC3 is not virtual...

I hoped that with ASP.NET MVC 3 that there would be a way to specify a pluggable provider for serializing to JSON.

Thoughts?

Solution 1:

I believe the best way to do it, is - as described in your links - to extend ActionResult or extend JsonResult directly.

As for the method JsonResult that is not virtual on the controller that's not true, just choose the right overload. This works well:

protected override JsonResult Json(object data, string contentType, Encoding contentEncoding)

EDIT 1: A JsonResult extension...

public class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
{
    public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
    {
        if (context == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("context");

        var response = context.HttpContext.Response;

        response.ContentType = !String.IsNullOrEmpty(ContentType) 
            ? ContentType 
            : "application/json";

        if (ContentEncoding != null)
            response.ContentEncoding = ContentEncoding;

        // If you need special handling, you can call another form of SerializeObject below
        var serializedObject = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Data, Formatting.Indented);
        response.Write(serializedObject);
    }

EDIT 2: I removed the check for Data being null as per the suggestions below. That should make newer versions of JQuery happy and seems like the sane thing to do, as the response can then be unconditionally deserialized. Be aware though, that this is not the default behavior for JSON responses from ASP.NET MVC, which rather responds with an empty string, when there's no data.

Solution 2:

I implemented this without the need of a base controller or injection.

I used action filters to replace the JsonResult with a JsonNetResult.

public class JsonHandlerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
       var jsonResult = filterContext.Result as JsonResult;

        if (jsonResult != null)
        {
            filterContext.Result = new JsonNetResult
            {
                ContentEncoding = jsonResult.ContentEncoding,
                ContentType = jsonResult.ContentType,
                Data = jsonResult.Data,
                JsonRequestBehavior = jsonResult.JsonRequestBehavior
            };
        }

        base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
    }
}

In the Global.asax.cs Application_Start() you would need to add:

GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new JsonHandlerAttribute());

For completion's sake, here is my JsonNetResult extention class that I picked up from somewhere else and that I modified slightly to get correct steaming support:

public class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
{
    public JsonNetResult()
    {
        Settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
        {
            ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Error
        };
    }

    public JsonSerializerSettings Settings { get; private set; }

    public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
    {
        if (context == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
        if (this.JsonRequestBehavior == JsonRequestBehavior.DenyGet && string.Equals(context.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod, "GET", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            throw new InvalidOperationException("JSON GET is not allowed");

        HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;
        response.ContentType = string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.ContentType) ? "application/json" : this.ContentType;

        if (this.ContentEncoding != null)
            response.ContentEncoding = this.ContentEncoding;
        if (this.Data == null)
            return;

        var scriptSerializer = JsonSerializer.Create(this.Settings);
        scriptSerializer.Serialize(response.Output, this.Data);
    }
}

Solution 3:

Use Newtonsoft's JSON converter:

public ActionResult DoSomething()
{
    dynamic cResponse = new ExpandoObject();
    cResponse.Property1 = "value1";
    cResponse.Property2 = "value2";
    return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cResponse), "application/json");
}