how to use useState inside inner function scope in react.js hooks

You cannot access the house state immediately after setting it, setHouse may be batched.

See more of State: https://reactjs.org/docs/state-and-lifecycle.html

You are trying to do

let houseData = JSON.parse(res);
 // houseData =  { name: 'sweet house', address: 'fukuoka hakata' }
setHouse({ ...house, houseData: houseData });

instead of setHouse(houseData). Since houseData is an Object, you can directly set it.

Replace

setHouse({...house, houseData})

with

setHouse(houseData)