how to filter collection docs based on another collection?

Solution 1:

You can try a aggregation query with $lookup stage to join user information, and $match stage to match if user response if empty [],

const noUserFuncController = async (res, res) => {

  const noUsersarr = await CaseFile.aggregate([
    {
      $lookup: {
        from: "users", // confirm your collection name here
        localField: "user",
        foreignField: "userName",
        as: "user"
      }
    },
    { $match: { user: [] } }
  ]);

  res.json(noUsersarr);

}