Is it possible to use a CSS wildcard in the middle of an attribute selector?
You can't use a wildcard like that, but to get the desired result (ID starts with lorem and ends with Ipsum) you can use the attribute starts-with and ends-with selectors instead, like so:
p[id^="lorem"][id$="Ipsum"]
Remember that by linking multiple attribute selectors like this (along with the p type selector), you're doing an AND match with all of them on the same element.
jsFiddle demo