Upgrade to version newer than repositories
The broad answer to your question is no. As A.B. wrote in the answer you reference, installing software versions ahead of the official repositories will mostly likely to result in unmet dependencies, breaking things along the way.
There are two basic ways to upgrade software relative to the versions provided in the official repositories (none of them automatic):
Compile the software yourself (and all its dependencies).
Install the software from a third party PPA that may provide a more recent version.
Note that in both cases however, it is very possible this software becomes unusable after a system upgrade (e.g. from 14.04 to 15.04).