How to run Docker Desktop with Windows Containers on Amazon AWS EC2 Windows (or is this not possible)?

Solution 1:

Docker Desktop is not supported on Windows Server 2019 OS host, Docker Desktop is only supported on Windows 10 host, Mac and planned for Linux Desktop ( there are kernel difference b/w Windows server host and Windows 10 desktop)
With Windows Server 2019 you can install Docker Engine Enterprise (now known as Mirantis Container Runtime (MCR) ) and run windows containers.
Following documentation from Microsoft has information on installing Docker Engine on Windows Server : https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/set-up-environment?tabs=Windows-Server
If you want to install via script checkout this link (Docker Engine Enterprise now known as Mirantis Container Runtime): https://docs.mirantis.com/containers/v3.1/mcr-deployment-guide/mcr-windows.html
You can also checkout this blog here and follow the steps to install Docker Engine on Windows Server host : https://mechdeveloper.medium.com/windows-server-2016-containers-bc0baa2222c1