How to link to a named anchor in Multimarkdown?

I have come across a number of mentions of MultiMarkdown's support for internal links / named anchors but I am unable to find a single example of how to actually do it.

So, what is the syntax for denoting the named anchor, and what is the syntax for linking to it the same as linking to any other URLs (only using #foo instead of http://....)?

In standard Markdown, place an anchor <a name="abcd"></a> where you want to link to and refer to it on the same page by [link text](#abcd).

(This uses name= and not id=, for reasons explained in this answer.)

Remote references can use [link text](http://...#abcd) of course.

This works like a dream, provided you have control over the source and target texts. The anchor can even appear in a heading, thus:

### <a name="head1234"></a>A Heading in this SO entry!

produces:

A Heading in this SO entry!

and we can even link to it so:

and we can even [link](#head1234) to it so:

(On SO, the link doesn't work because the anchor is stripped.)

If you have headers in the markdown files, you can directly link them in the file.

Markdown Header:

## The Header

this will generate an implicit id #the-header (replace internal spaces with hyphens and make lowercase).

To navigate to this id, you can create the link like this:

[Link to Header](#the-header)

This is equivalent to:

<a href="#the-header">Link to Header</a>

Please note the reference's name is a lower-case #header.