Term used for the number of items in a singular or plural noun or sentence

Can anyone confirm the name of the term used for the number of items in the terms singular, plural, etc.?

Does singular or plural indicate the cardinality of a part of the sentence, or is there a more appropriate word for the term cardinality?

E.G. When "We went to the store" has a plural subject, does plural refer to the cardinality of the subject, or is a different word used to refer to the fact that the count is more than one?

Solution 1:

The word you are looking for is plurality.

1 the fact or state of being plural : some languages add an extra syllable to mark plurality. (NOAD)

Solution 2:

In linguistics, singular, dual, multal, and plural are all types of grammatical number. (As an interesting side note, in English, the grammatical category of plural doesn't always correspond to the natural English meaning of plural (e.g., 1.0 pens).)